You
might not have noticed, but you make use of the ionosphere
anytime you listen to an AM radio broadcast. AM radio
signals are able to bounce off of the ionosphere, which
allows them to travel longer distances than they would
by “line of sight”. The effect is more
noticeable on Earth’s night side, where the reflective
layer of the ionosphere is higher. For this reason,
AM radio stations usually reduce their output power
at night, but occasionally you might be able to hear
a station far beyond your normal broadcast area. Space
storms can drastically affect the ionosphere,
filling it with a million amps of electrical
current that can be suddenly discharged,
and reducing the quality of radio broadcasts
and global positioning system accuracy.
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